IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute

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  • 1. Lagerström, Maria
    et al.
    Ytreberg, Erik
    Wrange, Anna-Lisa
    IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
    Assessment of efficacy and excess toxicity of antifouling paints for leisure boats: A guide for copper-based antifouling paints intended for use in the Baltic Sea regio2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The regulation of antifouling paints in the European Union falls under the Biocide Products regulation (BPR, Regulation (EU) 528/2012) and consists of two assessments: an environmental risk assessment (ERA) and an efficacy assessment. The efficacy assessment is key for the placement of an antifouling paint on the market as a biocidal product must be shown to be effective to gain approval. At the same time, the BPR states clearly that biocidal products should not be excessively toxic, i.e. release active substances to the environment in excess of the minimum necessary to achieve the desired effect. This report provides a summary of current knowledge, based on several years of research, about efficaciy and excess toxicity of antifouling paints intended for use on leisure boats in the Baltic Sea region.

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  • 2.
    Thomas, Jean‐Baptiste E.
    et al.
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering Stockholm Sweden.
    Sinha, Rajib
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering Stockholm Sweden.
    Strand, Åsa
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet/IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Kristineberg Sweden.
    Söderqvist, Tore
    Anthesis Enveco AB Stockholm Sweden;Holmboe & Skarp AB Sorunda Sweden.
    Stadmark, Johanna
    IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet/IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Gothenburg Sweden.
    Franzén, Frida
    Tyrens AB Stockholm Sweden.
    Ingmansson, Ida
    Tyrens AB Stockholm Sweden.
    Gröndahl, Fredrik
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering Stockholm Sweden.
    Hasselström, Linus
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering Stockholm Sweden.
    Marine biomass for a circular blue‐green bioeconomy?: A life cycle perspective on closing nitrogen and phosphorus land‐marine loops2021In: Journal of Industrial Ecology, ISSN 1088-1980, E-ISSN 1530-9290Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A blue-green bioeconomy revolution is underway in Europe, with particular attention being paid to the development of new or underutilized marine biomass resources. The wild harvest and mariculture of low-trophic non-fed species of marine biomass may be contributing to circular economies, the mitigation of environmental problems such as eutrophication and climate change through the uptake of nutrients and carbon, while also recovering finite phosphorus from marine coastal environments, thus contributing to food security. The present study provides a cradle-to-gate life cycle perspective on seven established or innovative/emerging marine biomass utilization cases in Sweden: mariculture of sugar kelp, blue mussels, and ascidians and the harvest of invasive Pacific oysters along the Skagerrak coast, the mariculture of blue mussels in the Baltic sea, the harvest of common reed in the Stockholm archipelago, and the harvest of beach-cast seaweed in Gotland. Results showed that the mariculture cases were found to con tribute to eutrophication and climate impact mitigation (at gate).

    All cases were found to contribute to closing the loop on phosphorus by enabling recovery from marine or coastal environments, bridging marine–land flows, all while performing well from an environmental perspective with a relatively low cumulative energy demand and low carbon and nutrient footprints. This highlights the potential of low-trophic biomass to contribute to phosphorus security in the future, and demonstrates the value of industrial ecology tools such as LCA in support of this imminent Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development

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