Currently, over 80% of the international trade volume is carried by sea.Marked by persistent growth, evident atmospheric impacts, intricate mitigationchallenges, international shipping has been recognized as one of the most “hard-toabate”sectors gathering increasing attention from both academic community andgovernmental sectors in recent years. Against the backdrop of the ambitious climateand clean air objectives, the quantitative shipping emission characterization, impactassessment and policy effectiveness research are not only fundamental to understandthe status quo and ramifications of shipping emissions but also beneficial for futureemission regulations.
Here, we summarized the achievements in shipping emissionmodelling and impact research in the past two decades, and identified the challengeslying in the transition pathway towards a clean and carbon-neutral shipping. Toaddress the pressing demand for this, we proposed an innovative framework whichaims to facilitate emission abatement. Finally, promising directions for future workwere delineated, including the indirect effects of shipping emitted aerosols on theclimate, the emissions and impacts of novel contaminants, synergies and conflictsamong different emission reduction measures, projections on future shipping emissioninventories, Arctic shipping emissions, etc.
A-rapport, A2750.